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mariadb可以启用审计插件来对数据库的各种操作进行审计，以防运维背锅！
启用MariaDB的审计插件，并调整相关参数
| 1 2 | MariaDB [(none)]> show variables like '%audit%' ; Empty set (0.02 sec) |
安装MariaDB审计插件
| 1 2 | MariaDB [(none)]> INSTALL PLUGIN server_audit SONAME 'server_audit' ; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.41 sec) |
查看安装审计插件后的变量
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 | MariaDB [(none)]> show variables like '%audit%' ; +-------------------------------+-----------------------+ | Variable_name | Value | +-------------------------------+-----------------------+ | server_audit_events | | | server_audit_excl_users | | | server_audit_file_path | server_audit.log | | server_audit_file_rotate_now | OFF | | server_audit_file_rotate_size | 1000000 | | server_audit_file_rotations | 9 | | server_audit_incl_users | | | server_audit_loc_info | | | server_audit_logging | OFF | | server_audit_mode | 0 | | server_audit_output_type | file | | server_audit_query_log_limit | 1024 | | server_audit_syslog_facility | LOG_USER | | server_audit_syslog_ident | mysql-server_auditing | | server_audit_syslog_info | | | server_audit_syslog_priority | LOG_INFO | |
设置相关参数及说明：
1.设置记录的事件
| 1 2 | MariaDB [(none)]> set global server_audit_events= 'connect,query,table' ; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) |
注：connect,query,table可满足我们所有审计需求
相关事件说明可参考：https://mariadb.com/kb/en/mariadb/about-the-mariadb-audit-plugin/
2.指定不审计某些用户的操作
| 1 2 | MariaDB [(none)]> set global server_audit_excl_users= 'liuwei' ; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) |
3.审计日志存放的位置
| 1 | server_audit_file_path | server_audit.log |
4.设置日志轮转
| 1 2 | MariaDB [(none)]> set global server_audit_file_rotate_now=on; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) |
5.设置审计日志的大小
| 1 2 | MariaDB [(none)]> set global server_audit_file_rotate_size=1024*1024*1024; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec) |
6.开启审计日志
| 1 2 | MariaDB [(none)]> set global server_audit_logging=on; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) |
7.设置日志可以轮转的个数
| 1 | server_audit_file_rotations | 9 |
查看设置之后的参数：
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 | MariaDB [(none)]> show variables like '%audit%' ; +-------------------------------+-----------------------+ | Variable_name | Value | +-------------------------------+-----------------------+ | server_audit_events | QUERY,TABLE | | server_audit_excl_users | liuwei | | server_audit_file_path | server_audit.log | | server_audit_file_rotate_now | OFF | | server_audit_file_rotate_size | 1073741824 | | server_audit_file_rotations | 9 | | server_audit_incl_users | | | server_audit_loc_info | | | server_audit_logging | ON | | server_audit_mode | 0 | | server_audit_output_type | file | | server_audit_query_log_limit | 1024 | | server_audit_syslog_facility | LOG_USER | | server_audit_syslog_ident | mysql-server_auditing | | server_audit_syslog_info | | | server_audit_syslog_priority | LOG_INFO | +-------------------------------+-----------------------+ |
查看审计日志是否进行记录：可以记录增删改查所有操作
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 | [root@test2 mysql] # cat server_audit.log 20160705 16:25:24,test2,root,localhost,9,2544,QUERY,, 'set global server_audit_logging=on' ,0 20160705 16:25:38,test2,root,localhost,9,2545,QUERY,, 'show variables like \'%audit%\'' ,0 20160705 16:28:06,test2,root,localhost,9,2546,QUERY,, 'SELECT DATABASE()' ,0 20160705 16:28:10,test2,root,localhost,9,2548,QUERY,, 'show databases' ,0 20160705 16:28:44,test2,root,localhost,9,2549,QUERY,, 'create database v1' ,0 [root@test2 mysql] # tailf server_audit.log 20160705 16:25:24,test2,root,localhost,9,2544,QUERY,, 'set global server_audit_logging=on' ,0 20160705 16:25:38,test2,root,localhost,9,2545,QUERY,, 'show variables like \'%audit%\'' ,0 20160705 16:28:06,test2,root,localhost,9,2546,QUERY,, 'SELECT DATABASE()' ,0 20160705 16:28:10,test2,root,localhost,9,2548,QUERY,, 'show databases' ,0 20160705 16:28:44,test2,root,localhost,9,2549,QUERY,, 'create database v1' ,0 20160705 16:31:20,test2,root,localhost,9,2552,QUERY,, 'set global server_audit_events=\'connect,query,table\'' ,0 20160705 16:31:30,test2,root,localhost,9,2553,QUERY,, 'show variables like \'%audit%\'' ,0 20160705 16:31:35,test2,root,localhost,9,0,DISCONNECT,,,0 20160705 16:31:51,test2,root,localhost,24,0,CONNECT,,,0 20160705 16:31:51,test2,root,localhost,24,2555,QUERY,, 'select @@version_comment limit 1' ,0 20160705 16:33:44,test2,root,192.168.10.215,25,0,FAILED_CONNECT,,,1045 20160705 16:33:44,test2,root,192.168.10.215,25,0,DISCONNECT,,,0 20160705 16:33:53,test2,liuwei,192.168.10.215,26,0,CONNECT,,,0 20160705 16:35:21,test2,root,localhost,24,2561,QUERY,, 'show variables like \'%audit%\'' ,0 20160705 16:40:22,test2,root,localhost,24,2563,WRITE,mysql,user, 20160705 16:40:22,test2,root,localhost,24,2563,WRITE,mysql,db, 20160705 16:40:22,test2,root,localhost,24,2563,QUERY,mysql, 'grant all on *.* to hb@\'%\' identified by *****' ,0 |
在配置文件中配置审计参数，因为global重启后就失效：
[mysqld]
server_audit_events=‘CONNECT,QUERY,TABLE‘
server_audit_logging=on
server_audit_file_rotate_size=200000
server_audit_file_rotations=10
server_audit_excl_users='liuwei'
重启生效
本文转自激情燃烧的岁月博客51CTO博客，原文链接http://blog.51cto.com/liuzhengwei521/1882767如需转载请自行联系原作者
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